HikmaCollegefor Science and Technology

Department of Architectural Engineering

1. Proem

The Architectural Engineering Program is a five-year interdisciplinary education program of study leading to a Bachelor of Science in architectural engineering. As an architect is responsible for the design of the physical artifact giving it its form, it is the civil engineer who completes the reification requirements of the building. Other engineering disciplines like mechanical and electrical interfere then after to ensure the systematic functioning of the building. The architectural engineering field is located here within to consider the building as a system. It is found that after years of intensive field experience on the built environment, the different disciplinary engineers inevitably gain a considerable knowledge on each other’sdiscipline. It is the architectural engineer who acquires the communication capacity to deal with all partners and stake holders at a time.

The main reference in designing this curriculum depends on surveying a wide spectrum of the literature on AE, specially of the American universities, (e.g. U. of Oklahoma – Norman), Cairo University, Beirut Arab university, BAU (Faculty of AE bulletin 2011), and the Higher Education Commission Report 2004 of Islamabad – Pakistan.

2.Introducing Architectural Engineering Program

Architectural engineering is the application of engineering principles and technology to building design and construction. Formal architectural engineering education, following the engineering model of earlier disciplines, developed in the late 19th century, and became widespread in the United States and UK by the mid-20th century. In the late 20^th century a paradigm of “architecture” as a school of design developed and hegemonized. Thoughts of Walter Gropius: "Architecture begins where engineering ends", and of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: "I call architecture frozen music" became idioms.

But after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the flux of migration of academicians to the west and the market-oriented studies of graduates made by the American R&Ds, the paradigm of architectural engineering revived parallel to the existing one. However, With the establishment of a specific "architectural engineering" NCEES Professional Engineering registration examination in the 1990s, and first offering in April 2003, architectural engineering became recognized as a distinct engineering discipline in the United States. Architectural engineers are not entitled to practice architecture unless they are also licensed as architects. In other countries, such as Germany, Austria, Pakistan and most of the Arab countries including Sudan, architecture graduates receive an engineering degree.

What differentiates architectural engineering as an integrated field of study, compared to other engineering disciplines, is its multi-disciplined engineering approach. it manages the process from conception through to completion. Through training in and appreciation of architecture, the field seeks integration of building systems within its overall building design that includes the design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), plumbing, fire protection, electrical, lighting, architectural acoustics, and structural systems. It concentrates on constructional methods, techniques and technologies, management, and execution of buildings. But it also goes to covers different levels of urban design, planning and interior design, and is therefore related to multi-disciplinary research and education. As an architectural disciple it adopts drawings as the principal media of communication between all parties and stakeholders.

3. Vision of the program

Architectural Engineering Program aims at strengthening architects’ predisposition to apprehend other disciplines. By increasing the engineering capacity of the curriculum, the architectural engineer will moreover be responsible for the design of the building’s systems and will be responsible to ensures that the building will function. This profession needs incorporating civil, structural systems, heating, cooling, acoustics, lightening, mechanical as well as electrical systems within the basic curriculum. Architectural engineering may be thought of as a blend of civil, mechanical and electrical engineering disciplines, since its majors study the planning, design, construction, and operation of engineered systems for all different kinds of the built environment.

Students in this program begin their study in descriptive geometry, principles of design, mathematics and the physical sciences and then apply that knowledge through studio work in the engineering fundamentals areas of soil mechanics, strength of material and thermodynamics before undertaking the discipline specific study of building systems design.

Graduates of the Architectural Engineering program may expect to find employment with governmental institutions that tend to design and implement, large architectural and consulting firms, or private industry. They still are capable to work as part of a design team and may specialize in the design and implementation of one type of building system. They can provide design services to a wide range of clients.

4. Mission of the Program

The program is designed over the ten semesters so that students upon their completion of the course should demonstrate ability in at least these four areas:

a. Knowledge and Understanding: students will demonstrate a breadth of understanding across the engineering field, and a depth of knowledge and application of methods in Architectural Engineering. They should demonstrate ability of creativity and awareness to live and work in a diverse world.

b. Critical Thinking: students will show ability to interpret information, differentiate between phenomenon, reality and causes. They will demonstrate ability to analyze, synthesize and evaluate facts among changing situations, reaching optimal decisions and proper solutions.

c. Communication and team working: they should demonstrate high caliber to express themselves through all available media. They should demonstrate high capacity of co- operation and collaboration with other stakeholders and members of the team work.

d. Professional Integrity: they will show deep understanding and respect to the social context of their profession, will show awareness of the ethical components of their profession, and will show deep understanding to standards and code of practice.

5. Program Educational Objective:

In a nutshell, the objective of the program is to prepare students for professional engineering practice or graduate study in the analysis, design, construction, and operation of building systems and building functions.

6. Accreditation of the program

The program seeks the ABET accreditation, so is ultimately designed to fulfill all the requirements on the program educational objectives and student outcomes. (ABET http://www.abet.org, 111 Market Place, Suite 1050, Baltimore, MD 21202).

7. Degree Offered

The faculty offers a Bachelor of Science in Architectural Engineering, where the standard duration of study is ten semesters. The program categorizes students into 5 successive stages (levels) as: Freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, and honors student.

8. Program Outline:

To fulfill the objectives of the program, and to meet the requirements of the Ministry of Higher education the program is grouped into three categories, and the courses are grouped into eight disciplines, coded as follows:

8.1. The CommonCourses (CC):

This category includes the general requisites of the Ministry of Higher Education to all universities in Sudan. It lies under the category of methods, since is oriented to enhance student’s capability of communication, ethics and skills of linguistics. Common Courses are distributed over the first four semester of the program. Sudanese studies are oriented to focus on the sociological context affecting planning and housing in Sudan.

Objective and educational output of Common Courses:

The Students outcomes of this category of courses are oriented to increase moral, ethical and expressional abilities of students, that is to acquire:

o An ability for effective oral and written communication skills.

o An ability to function on multidisciplinary teams, and to exhibit strong communication, interpersonal, and resource-management skills as leaders in the professional team works.

o An ability to Act professionally and ethically

o Increase ability to engage in lifelong learning, and the ability for critical thinking, so that they are capable of updating their technical knowledge while working as professional architect engineers.

8.2. The Supportive Courses:

Courses of this category are borrowed from other disciplines within the faculty. The aim is to increase awareness and scientific capacity of student to other interdisciplinary components of the program. Then are all fallen under the umbrella of the category science.

Objective and educational output of supportive courses:

Objectives of this category of courses are directed to base a foundation of pure and applied sciences that will facilitate dealing with the upcoming professional sciences. This category is expected to provide students with:

o A strong foundation in basic skills to apply in their design process and presentations.

o an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering.

o an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems

o an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data.

o an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice.

o An ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability

o Apply knowledge, strong reasoning, and quantitative skills to design and implement creative and sustainable solutions

Table 2: Supportive Courses
code	Course title	Teaching hs			Cr	Contact hrs
		L	P	St
MAT 114	Mathematics 1	2	1	-	2	3
PHY 115	Physics	2	2	-	3	4
MAT 124	Probability & statistics:	2	1	-	2	3
CVA 213	Structural analysis	2	2	-	3	4
CVA 223	Soil mechanics & foundation Eng.	2	-	-	2	2
SEA 224	Surveying for architecture	2	4	-	4	6
CVA 311	Fundamentals of reinforced concrete	2	-	-	2	2
CVA 321	Design of Steel structures	2	1	-	2	3
CVA 411	Structure for architecture	2	-	-	2	2
	Total				22	29

8.3. The Architectural Engineering Core Courses:

This category comprises the core courses of specialization on Architectural Engineering. They are formulated from the eight disciplines with special emphasis on architectural design studio work. Courses are designed and distributed along semesters to work as an input to the studio program, in a tacit assumption that the program has to provide a high quality, broad-based education and design experience that enables the students to address multi-faceted engineering problems sensitive to architectural issues.

Objective and educational output of A. E. core courses:

Since the category of AE core courses includes all the discipline courses (except pure structure courses), then the students’ outcome varies according to the intensity of the course. However, should manage to provide students with:

o an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability

o an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility

o the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context

o the information and ability required to the practice of architectural design and building systems.

o the required skills and abilities needed for data collection, analysis, design and evaluation of architectural design projects.

o the technical and intellectual knowhow to produce building construction drawings and working details.

o the basic ability to utilize modern technology e.g. computer software and application packages for architectural design, working drawings and presentation purposes in the field of architectural engineering.

o the ability to compete professionally and function successfully in the diverse and complicated engineering environment of the Sudan.

o the knowledge to sustain both the built and natural environments, and the sensibility to handle architecture within its social, physical and cultural context.

o an ability to derive conclusions of analysis and to reach appropriate solutions, or systems that aesthetically, and functionally meet the architectural engineering problems and objectives.

o Apply creativity in the design of systems, components or processes appropriate to program objectives

9. Analysis of Program courses:

To meet the objectives of the program, and to fulfill the requirements of both the Ministry of Higher education and the Engineering Council of Sudan, the composition of courses and categories is well designed to achieve percentages required by each institution.

The common and supportive courses constitute quarter of the program components, while the architectural components constitute the majority of three quarters of the program.

9. Program Detailing: Cr (L- P -St)

To cope with the format of the Ministry of Higher education, and without jeopardizing the peculiarity of the architectural engineering courses, the following abbreviations will be used:

Cr:credit, or credit hour.

L:Lecture, direct contact hour. For calculating credits should be divided by 1.

P: practical time, to follow subsequent outcomes of lectures. For calculating credits should be divided by 2.

St:mainly for following and supervising studio works. For calculating credits should be divided by 4.

9.1. XX0 Studio Design

ARC 110 Architectural design skills 1: 5(1-0-16)

Comprises three components:

- Basics of architectural drawing:(5 Weeks) techniques of drafting and drawing, lettering, line work, orthographic projections,2D representations of plan, section, elevation, isometrics, perspectives. Shades and shadows, visual compositions. Freehand drawing.

- Visual perception:(5 Weeks) Solid geometry, sectional solid geometry, skiagraphy, and orthographic projections. Introduction to perspectives (one point, and multiple points), rendering techniques in different mediums. Introduction to photography; model making; understanding and preparation of plans, elevations, and sections of a building. Color theory in concepts.

- Spatial formulation1:(5 Weeks) basics of form,3D effects, space formulation, types of space, ties, edges, surfaces.

ARC120 Basic design: 5(1-0-16)

Comprises three components:

- Spatial formulation2: (5 Weeks) form and function, functional space, closed, semi closed and open space.

- Color: (2 Weeks) theory and application of color, mixing colors, psychology of color, color in architecture. Understanding color wheel. Visual perception of color.

- Primary design:(8 Weeks) of a single cell unit, architectural design involving simple functions and local building materials with simple construction details. Study form, function, circulation, materials and relationships. Design parameters and criteria (site, orientation, building form, and scale).

ARC210 Architectural design level 3: 5(1-0-16)

Comprises two components:

- Educational Building:(7.5 Weeks) building system approach for education-building design, study complexity and theory of education building as a functional space.

- Health service Building:(7.5 Weeks) building system approach for a health-service unit design, study complexity and theory of health service building as a functional space.

ARC220 Architectural design level 4: 5(1-0-16)

Comprises three components:

- Commercial building:(5 Weeks) building system approach for a commercial-building design, study complexity and theory of commercial buildings as functional spaces.

- Transportation building:(5 Weeks) building system approach for a transportation-building design, study complexity and theory of traffic and transportation buildings as functional spaces.

- Cultural Building: (5 Weeks) building system approach for a cultural-building design, study complexity and theory of cultural buildings as functional spaces. Concentrates on basics and application of landscape design. Study and use of hard and soft landscape elements, street furniture and hardware, landscape structures and outdoor lighting.

ARC310 Architectural design level 5: 7(2-0-20)

Comprises two components:

- Ergonomics: (5 Weeks) The unit concerns with matching building and design details to the measurements and reach of the human body features (Anthropometrics). There is particular emphasis on human dimensions concerning functions that need standing or walking or sitting or lying.

- Urban housing:(10 Weeks) practice planning and urban design at neighborhood level, and practice designing different typologies of housing units. Familiarize with co-housing, social and community services, infrastructure and basic services, and network design and layout.

ARC320 Architectural design level 6: 7(2-0-20)

Comprises two components:

- Industrial building: (5 Weeks) Building system approach for an industrial building design, a specialized design as the final guided design project. Study complexity and theory of industrial buildings as functional spaces. Study Form and function. The unit Concentrates on wide span roofing, modular and prefabricated building systems. Final presentation should include works presented in ArchiCAD (taught in Arch 315). The 2 theoretical contact hours of this course is divided into (1.5 hrs theory + 0.5 hrs computer). The 20 contact hours is divided into (18 hrs studio practical + 2 hrs computer practical).

- Systems, Networks design and techniques:(10Weeks) design different types of systems and networks e.g. traffic & transportation techniques and design, potable water network, sewerage system, electrical network, surface drainage. Study techniques of each at individual building utility level and at urban level. Technical alternatives, sustainability at design level and at performance are to be highlighted. Final presentation should include works presented in ArchiCAD (taught in Arch 315). The 2 theoretical contact hours of this course is divided into (1.5 hrs theory + 0.5 hrs computer). The 20 contact hours is divided into (18 hrs studio practical + 2 hrs computer practical).

ARC 410 Architectural design level 7: 8(2-0-24)

Comprises two components, aiming at handling a building function within its urban design context. Deals with urban design concepts, comprehensivearchitectural design for an office building and latter to system detailing and workshop drawings levels.

- Urban design:(7.5 Weeks) practice design at urban design level, morphology of space, 3D formulation, visual design, design configuration of masses, land marks, urban silhouette, open space, interactions, pedestrian, etc.

- Office building:(7.5 Weeks) practice designof building system approach for an office building, study complexity and theory of office buildings as functional spaces.

ARC420 Architectural design level 8: 8(2-0-24)

Comprises one component:

- Working drawing: building analysis, documentation, coding, specifications and BIM.Work out the shop drawings of the previous project ARC 410, students have to use drawing as a media of communication between designer and contractor. Study tiny constructional and setting details, fixity, complexity, specifications, operational and processing of construction workmanship. Preparation of complete set of architectural, structural, and services working drawings and details. Fire Fighting Drawings, Electrical Drawings, HVAC Drawings, Plumbing Drawings, Survey Drawing / Topographic Maps and Landscape Drawings and etc; Principles of preparing complete comprehensive portfolio of working drawing, coding, designation. Preparation of contract documents, BOQs as in ARC 325, specifications and analysis of rates.

ARC510 Architectural design level 9: 10(2-0-32)

Comprises three components:

- Introduction:(1 Weeks) A preparatory stage for introducing graduation projects to students, selection of projects and solving site complications, streaming brief formulation by staff. No deliverables are expected from students at this stage.

- Acknowledging graduate project:(4 Weeks) student to scrutinize and examine the context of his project, the architectural challenge, critically study the previous national and international examples. A comprehensive report is expected to be submitted by students at the end of this stage including the results of the afore-mentioned studies, a scenically derived and mature brief, site analysis and functional relationship diagrams of the components of the project.

- Graduate project architectural design:(10 Weeks) student to practice selecting a project then undergo all analytical, formulating brief, define design challenge and solutions. A complete set of design drawing, a model and a report are required at this stage.

ARC520 Architectural design level 10: 12(0-0-40)

Comprises two components:

- Technical detailing:(10 Weeks) A two module components is reserved to students to work out the technical solutions and professional documentation for their projects;detailing and logical solutions rather than a comprehensive working drawing are required.

- Final presentation:(5 Weeks) a one module component is reserved for students to finally represent their graduation project and thesis.

9.2. Science xx3

ARC 123 Environmental Studies 1: 3(2-2-0)

Climatology, Energy, &Sustainability. In depth study of climate, study of building as a thermal system, thermal store house, passive design strategies and passive/renewable sources of energy. Basic interpretations of environmental studies in relation to the built environment. Pollution and negative impacts of human actions. Influences of natural elements on making architecture. Optimization of energy consumption, green architecture, regulating heat transfer, thermal comfort zone, controlling microclimate, conserving negative impact on macro climate.

ARC 213 Environmental Studies 2: 2(2-0-0)

Illumination: Principles of lightening, day lightening, artificial lightening, optimization of energy consumption. Distribution concepts of lightening in buildings.Introflections.Illumination Design procedures.

Acoustics: Principles of acoustics. Principles of acoustical design. Behavior of sound in closed and open spaces. Reflection of sound, absorption of materials and absorptivity of sound, diffusion, penetration.Co efficiency of materials. Noise and control of acoustics measures.Codes.Acoustical design method. Calculating reverberation time and acoustic convenience.

ARC 413Environmental Studies 3: 2(2-0-0)

Smart Building: Definitions and components of smart buildings. Principles of intelligent designs and buildings. Management of indoor environment. Environmental Impact Assessment for buildings (EIA). The building envelop, automated technologies and smart materials. Integrated building management systems. Efficient use of energy, utilization of renewable energy systems, sustainable management of resources. Analytical techniques and computation tools for studying and assessing building environment and environmental performance. Introduction to building assessment systems e.g. LEED, green Globes, Green Point Rated, etc.

MAT 114Mathematics 1: 2(2-1-0)

Introduction to calculus.Vectors.Conic sections.Sequence and series. Linear algebra. First order ordinary differential equations.

PHY 115Physics: 3(2-2-0)

Kinematics: Kinematics in one and two dimensions. Forces and Newton’s laws of motion. Work and energy. Temperature and heat: temperature scales. Thermal expansion. Specific heat capacity. Heat and phase change. Transfer of heat.

MAT 124Probability & statistics: 2(2-1-0)

Descriptive statistics. Random variables and their moments. Samplingdistributions. Hypothesis testing.Estimations.Analysis of variance.Analysis of categorical data.

9.3. Theory &History of Architecture xx1/2

ARC 112 History of Architecture 1: 2(2-0-0)

Study of architectural and structural developments in building forms and spaces; sources and modes of influences in Greek, Roman, Egyptian, Mesopotamia, through classical periods in Europe, Medieval, Renaissance and other periods in Europe and Subcontinent up to mid-19th century.

ARC 212 History of Architecture 2: 2(2-0-0)

Study of architectural movements from mid-19th century to present day, the impact of industrial revolution and special emphasis on contributions made by the pioneers of modern architecture. Visual images, cultural materials and text base communication. Study of architectural movements and broad concepts such as organic architecture, functionalism, experimentalism, modernism, post modernism, deconstruction…etc.

ARC 322 History of Architecture 3 Islamic: 2(2-0-0)

Provide an opportunity to undertake an in-depth study of spread of Islam and Muslim architecture developed in Middle East, North Africa, Spain, West Asia, and Central Asia.

Critical review of literature on Islamic architecture, its historical theoretical frameworks. Ottoman architecture and Sinan architecture. Indian, Moghuls, Andalusia, Asian and African movements in architecture. Methods and techniques. Positive remarks and inputs. Mosque and religious building architecture.

ARC 121 Theory of Architecture 1: 2(2-0-0)

Introduction to basic design theories and strategies, spatial concepts in architecture, architectural concept generation. Introduction to theories of architecture such as empiricism, rationalism and pragmatism; study of the theories and works of great masters of modern architecture and contemporary urban designers.

ARC 221 Theory of Architecture 2: 2(2-0-0)

Explain form, space, and scale. Circulation, roots and elements, building approaches, unity in architecture, aesthetics, design process. Study of post modern and contemporary theories of architecture such as regionalism, vernacularism, deconstruction, organism etc. scope and definition of vernacular architecture. Connections, connectivity and future prospects. Effect of Local trends and traditions in formulating vernacular architecture.

9.4. Construction & BuildingsTechnology xx4/5

ARC 124 Building Construction 1 : 3(2-2-0)

This course will focus on properties of traditional and modern materials, their selection criteria and use in construction; their classification such as: structural/ non-structural, finishing and insulating materials etc. the appropriate building technologies in Sudan, overview of materials techniques and procedures. Timber construction, load bearing structures. Curtains and partitioning.

ARC 214 Building Construction 2: 3(2-2-0)

To study building components, types of foundations, and construction systems; traditional construction with local materials such as bricks, stone, and timber. Classifications of building types, typical building elements, multiple components, sequential processes of construction, stairs and lifts.

ARC 224 Building Construction 3: 3(2-2-0)

Further development of knowledge about fundamentals and principles of building construction and preparation basics of working drawing. Study of building construction in concrete, steel, fiber glass and other materials, doors and windows, internal and external finishes, and insulation techniques. Construction analysis and application of standards.

ARC 314 Building Construction 4: 3(2-2-0)

Special construction such as shoring, underpinning, under water construction, underground retaining walls, fire resisting & radiation protection construction etc. adopting and generating specifications.

ARC 324 Quantities &Specifications: 3(2-2-0)

Introduction to quantity surveying. Methods of measurements and calculations. Preparation of comparative tables of quantities, prices, bids and evaluation. Valuation techniques. Generating and presentation of specifications. General conditions of contract between architect, client and contractor. Special conditions of contracts. Specifications for materials and various constructional works and execution procedures. Preparation of contract document for different types of bids and trades.

ARC 315 Building Services &Systems 1: 3(2-2-0)

Sewerage system: Principles of Sanitary engineering, sewerage system in buildings, Plumping detailing, fixtures, installations, appliances and connections.

networks, plants, types of treatment of soiled water, environmental solutions and recycling, biological purification of sewerage. package systems, disposal system, soak away systems, pit latrine systems, septic tank system, community solution, VIP systems. Etc. sanitary solutions for the poor.

Water Supply: Principles of potable water networks at urban and at building level. Urban network designs and solutions. Economic parameters of distribution systems. Planning input as optimization technique. Installation detailing, fixtures and connections. Deprivation issues and provision for urban poor.

ARC 325 Building Services &Systems 2: 3(2-2-0)

Traffic & mobility networks and modeling: traffic engineering, analysis of factors composing traffic and mobility model. Traffic planning and design components. Public transport. Street furniture &design. Types of parking. Road hierarchy and planning. Design and solutions of intersections.

Storm water system: Principles of rainwater drainage at urban and at building level, storm sewers. Leveling. Survey data analysis methods.

Solid waste: Solid waste collection system, treatment, recycling and environmental solutions, management and control systems.

ARC 415 Building Services &Systems 3: 3(2-2-0)

Electricity: Basic electrical systems in buildings, appliances and conduits. Electronic security systems, mechanical, vertical and horizontal transportation systems such as elevators, escalators, conveyors/power walks. Techniques for safety and noise control.

Fire Fighting: Firefighting systems, precautions and requirements in building, distribution system, mechanical and built in systems, types and impacts of materials used. Construction and network detailing of firefighting systems.

HSSE:Health, safety, security and environment as an input in architectural design.

ARC 425 Building Services &Systems 4: 3(2-2-0)

HVAC: Natural and mechanical ventilation. Passive ventilation, architectural design for passive ventilation. Introduction to HVAC and mechanical installations, conditioning indoor spaces. Various heating and cooling systems, architectural and space precautions to heating and cooling systems in buildings. Requirements for Plants, installations detailing, control and distribution of systems. Calculation methods of conditioning.

9.5. Structures

CVA 213 Structural Analysis:3(2-2-0)

Fundamental principles of structural behavior, loading, shear, bending moments, internal forces, and failures. Principles of stress and strain, elastic constants, determinacy, bending, combined and direct stress, simple theory of bending, moment of resistance, bending moment and shear force, properties of materials.

Water, earth and wind pressure in buildings, analysis of different types of large span structures. Types of structural supports.Equilibrium.Stability and internal forces.moments of inertia.

CVA 223 Soil Mechanics & Foundation Engineering: 2(2-1-0)

Introduction to soil mechanics, soil formation and soil structure, soil composition, grain size analysis, plasticity of soil. Bearing capacity of shallow foundations, soil compaction, consolidation, settlements, upheavals, deep foundations, pile foundation. Typology of foundation in relation to architecture, precautions to high rise building, building on different types of soils, especially expansivesoil.

CVA 311 Fundamentalsof Reinforced Concrete: 2(2-0-0)

Review of different concrete systems, examining different system in relation to architecture. Elements of concrete systems, beams, slabs, columns, foundations retaining walls. Pre stressed concrete, reinforced concrete fundamentals, basics of reinforcement concrete behavior, introducing methods of design, basic mechanics of structural concrete, examining bending, shear, axial forces.

CVA 321 Design of Steel Structures: 2(2-1-0)

Review of different steel systems, examining different system in relation to architecture. Elements of steel systems, beams, purlins, columns, foundations partitioning, frames. Trusses, combination ofsteel system with concrete system. fundamentals, basics of steel system behavior, introducing methods of design, basic mechanics of steel structures, examining bending, shear, axial forces. Codes of practice.

CVA 411Structure for Architecture: 2(2-0-0)

Construction Materials: Strength characteristics of selected construction materials. Properties of construction materials in respect to space and span, concrete ingredients andmix. Structuralsteel. Temperature, humidity and damp effects.

Structural Behavior of Architectural Forms: Analysis of simple and complicated structures in respect to simplified idealization. Emphasis on qualitative analysis of forms including beams frames, trusses, arches, domes and cables for static and moving load, deflection of simple beams with double integration methods.

Horizontal span structural systems, beams, cantilevers, large spans. Analysis of structural systems with lateral loads. Structural analysis of extra ordinary architectural forms.

9.6. Human, Planning, Housing xx6

SDS 113 Sudanese Studies: 2(2-0-0)

Introduction to the fields of sociology and anthropology. Social and cultural characteristics of Sudanese society. Issues on Sudanese studies. Effect of social organization and cultural concerns in shaping local architecture.

ARC 216 Housing: 2(2-1-0)

Contemporary theories and concerns in the housing field. Roots and generators of the housing problem. Housing typologies and classifications. Housingsector. Housing policy and strategies. Mechanisms shaping the housing market. Landmarket. Formation of housing demand in the society and in the economy. Structures of housing supply and provision. Affordability, replicability and cost recovery concepts. Urbanization, suburbanization and social movements. Housing as a leading sector in the local economy. Constraints in housing sector.

ARC 226 Urban Design &Landscape: 2(2-1-0)

Contemporary theories of urban design. Urban context concepts, urban escape concepts, Design of urban public realm, aesthetic and cultural forces. Urban design for hot dry climates. Pedestrian and urban corridors. Methodologies and current practices. Spatial, political and economic contexts, example Sudan.

Contemporary theories of landscape design. Interaction to urban public realm, aesthetic, environmental and cultural forces. Landscape design for hot dry climates. Open spaces, streets, waterfronts and Pedestrian. Methodologies and current practices. Spatial, political and economic contexts, example Sudan.

ARC 316 Urban Planning &Development: 2(2-0-0)

Urban planning theories, practices and approaches. Objectives and levels of planning. Historical and theoretical Origins and evolution of planning thoughts. Planning practice and procedures. Land use planning, site planning, city center and neighborhood theories. Peculiarity of Sudanese society. Challenges and concern of urban and regional development in Sudan.

ARC 326 Housing the Poor: 2(2-0-0)

Concepts and background formulating rural housing (emphasizing Sudan). Alternative solutions to housing the urban poor. Contemporary experiences and concepts in housing the poor. Typologies of polices and best practices concerning housing the urban poor. Role of national and international institutions in providing inventive solutions.UN Habitat policies and Strategies. Role of government as a provider, enabler or facilitator to housing. Public participation and bottom up approaches.

9.7. Methods, Computer xx7

ARC 117Introduction to computer: 3(2-2-0)

Introducing computer as an aided device. Introducing components of computer and its workability. Develop basic skills of students in operating systems, such as Windows, Excel, Power Point and other software. Search the net. E libraries, internet resources.

ARC 317 Computer in Architecture 1: 3(2-2-0)

Develop basic skills of students in different drawing and graphic software. Manage using Auto Cad and Archi-Cad software. Generate complete set of architectural drawings, use computer drafting facilities as media of communication.

ARC 417 Computer in Architecture 2: 3(2-2-0)

Develop basic skills of students in different drawing and graphic software. Manage using Rivet Design, with other facilities such as rast- jpg, Adobe Creative Design, etc... Generate complete set of architectural drawings, use computer drafting facilities as media of communication.

ARC 427 Computer in Architecture 3 :3(2-2-0)

Develop basic skills of students in Rivet MEP. Manage using 3-D Studio Max or any other rendering and animation software such as Lumion. Use computer in both design and execution phases, as well as project management. Generate complete set of architectural drawings, use computer drafting facilities as media of communication.

ARC 429 Method of Research in Architecture: 2(2-0-0)

Develop students’ capacity of research. Introduce students to ontology, epistemology and methodology. Define knowledge and science and the ways to acquire them. Elaborate on methods of scientific research in architecture, inference, induction, deduction. Critique in architecture as a method of research, critical analysis, hypothetical deduction, context methods... etc.……

SEA 224 Surveying for Architecture: 4(2-4-0)

introduction of principles of land survey, documentation, measurements and dimensions. Presentation of surveying data. Surveying engineering technologies, field instruments. Boundary and topographic surveying, measurements of distances, directions and angles. Angular measurements. Leveling and its applications. Theodolite. coordinates, traverse, total station. Earthwork, introduction to geomatics. Using tape, level, compass and theodolite. Introduction to GPS and GIS. Terrain Modeling and 3D presentation.

CC 000 Common Courses 18(2x9-0-0)

This package includes the common courses concern with linguistics and culture, viz:

ARB 111 Arabic language 1 : 2(2-0-0)

ARB 121 Arabic language 2 : 2(2-0-0)

ARB 211 Arabic language 3 : 2(2-0-0)

ENG 112 English language 1 : 2(2-0-0)

ENG 122 English language 2: 2(2-0-0)

ENG221 English language 3 : 2(2-0-0)

ISC123 Islamic studies 1: 2(2-0-0)

ISC 212 Islamic studies 2: 2(2-0-0)

ISC222 Islamic studies 3: 2(2-0-0)

9.8. Management xx8

ARC 418 Project Managing:2(2-0-0)

The basic concepts and principles of project management from inception to execution and delivery of the project. Preparation of P.C. Performa’s, CPM, PERT, to monitor progress, quality and cost. Introduction to concepts of value Engineering, partnering, and Total Quality Management. Introduction to computer software for project management

ARC 428 Management & Professional Practice 1: 2(2-0-0)

Principals and concepts in the theoretical and practical aspects of professional practice; office management, financial management, site management, building bye laws, regulations and legal aspects; role of national and international professional bodies regulating the profession.

Urban planning legislation and housing laws. Syndicate regulations. Servitude and labor union laws. Land regulatory laws. Code of practice and conduct.

ARC 424 Building Economics: 2(2-0-0)

Overview of factors influencing design and building costs. Approaching to manage costs from initial project definition through construction and utilization. Techniques for project budgeting, cost estimates, maintenance and life cycle cost analysis. Cost and benefit analysis. Depreciations. Construction cost including determination of materials, labor, machines, equipment, overheads, profits, etc.

ARC 517 Building Information Modeling:3(2-2-0)

Theories and principles of Building Information Modeling (BIM). BIM as a construction documentation system. Concepts and features of BIM, including software structures and applications, modeling and editing techniques, sheet creation and organization. Emphasizing application of BIM software to develop a set of construction documents. Simulates project development and documentation.

ARC 518 Management & Professional Practice 2: 2(2-0-0)

Theoretical and analytical investigation of methods available to architect. Legal, ethical and professional obligations. Client and other stake holders affected by both the practice and business of architecture. Overview of construction industry. Means and method for perfection and optimization. Costs and economy in construction industry. Management as a parameter for perfection of practice. Office practice including management, accounting, financial reporting, employment, transparency, procurement, tendering and contract management. Quality assurance and control.

9.9. Elective Courses:

Decision to run elective courses is left to department scientific board and to studio coordinators. Coding resembles level and semester.

CVA 22X Mechanics of Structural Materials

Application of free body diagram in shear force and bending moment diagram. Elementary bending theory, normal and shear stresses in concrete and steel beams. Axially loaded members and Euler buckling theory. Properties of wide span materials.

CVA 31X Structural Analysis

The analysis of statically determinate trusses and frames. Determination of internal forces and calculation of deflections. Application of the principle of virtual work and energy methods. Column stability. Behavior of wide roofing structures such as stadiums and malls.

CVA 41X - Introduction to Wind and Earthquake Engineering

Fundamentals of free, forced, and transient vibration of single and multi-degree of freedom structures. Analysis and design of structures for wind and earthquake loadings. Building code requirements.

ARC 21X Architectural Freehand Drawing

Accurate and rapid sketching, with special emphasis on architectural forms, proportions, perspective; pencil, crayon, chalk, and brush techniques; simple composition problems.

ARC 22X Photography

This is an introductory course to photography dealing with the principles of photography such as light exposures, compositions, and film developing. Types and uses of cameras, lenses, digital camera, development software, duplication and montage applications.

ARC 31X Building Energy Conservation Technologies

Identification of the optimal energy performance achievable with various types of buildings and service systems. Reduction of infiltration. Control systems and strategies to achieve optimal energy performance. Effective utilization of daylight, heat pumps, passive and active solar heaters, heat storage and heat pipes in new and old buildings.

ARC 32X Building Electrical Systems Design

Study of the analysis and design of electrical systems in buildings utilizing Sudan’s National Electric Code. Topics include AC, DC, single-phase and three-phase circuits, transients, branch circuits, panel boards, system sizing, fault calculations and over current protection design. Also studies the design and specification of emergency power backup and alternative power systems.

ARC 32X Lighting Systems Design

An intensive study of the calculation techniques and qualitative aspects of good luminous design. Study photometric quantities and color theory, visual perception, standards, daylight and artificial illumination systems, fixture and lamp characteristics, control devices, and energy conservation techniques.

ARC 41X Construction Methods and Cost Estimating

The role of estimating in construction contract administration. Types of estimates. Unit costs and production rates; job costs. Preparing bid for complete building project using manual methods and the CSI format; checking quantity take-off and cost estimating in selected divisions using a computer package.

ARC 41X Interior Design and Coloring

The course covers interior design theories and coloring schemes, with emphasis on water color technique, poster color and pencil color and interior space coloring. Costs and visual perceptions are included.

10. Courses Distribution – (over Semesters):

* level one:

ss

* level two:

ss

* level three:

Ss

* level four:

Ss

* level five:

 

ss

11. Training program:

Although training program takes place in vacations but it is a compulsory program, students could not issue their final certificate unless satisfied all training requirements as scheduled below.

 

12. Coding system: